In Exodus 6:2-3 the preposition on the word בְּאֵ֣ל means either ‘in’ or ‘with’. It does not mean ‘as’ because כְּ is the prefix which means ‘as’. Therefore, the verse does not read:
….. I am Yahweh and I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob as El Shaddai…
Rather, the verse either reads as:
….I am Yahweh and I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob in El Shaddai…
or the verse reads as:
….I am Yahweh and I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob with El Shaddai…
No matter which of the two is the correct translation, in either case it is apparent that El Shaddai is the Angel of Yahweh.
If the verse reads that Yahweh was ‘in’ El Shaddai we can understand this in terms of Exodus 23:21 where the Father tells Moses that His Name is in the Angel. If the verse reads that Yahweh was ‘with’ El Shaddai we can understand this in terms of Judges 6:21-23 where we see that after the Angel of Yahweh departed from Gideon that the Father, the invisible Yahweh, was still present and spoke to Gideon reassuring him that he would not die in spite of having seen the Angel of Yahweh face to face.
In the New Testament Jesus spoke of the Father both living ‘in’ Him and being ‘with’ Him. In John 14:10 Jesus says:
10 Don’t you believe that I am in the Father, and that the Father is in me? The words I say to you I do not speak on my own authority. Rather, it is the Father, living in me, who is doing his work.
John 14:10 NIV
In John 16:32 Jesus says:
32 “A time is coming and in fact has come when you will be scattered, each to your own home. You will leave me all alone. Yet I am not alone, for my Father is with me.
John 16:32 NIV
Genesis 48 makes it clear that El Shaddai is the Angel of Yahweh. In verse 3 Jacob tells Joseph that El Shaddai appeared to him at Luz. In verses 15 and 16 Jacob, still speaking to Joseph, calls the God that has fed him all his life, the Angel Who has redeemed him:
And he blessed Joseph and said, ‘The God Whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked before, the God Who has fed me all my life to this day, the Angel Who has redeemed me from all evil bless the boys…
Genesis 48:15-16 Interlinear
It is clear that El Shaddai is the Angel of Yahweh.
